Cell Wall Stress Depolarizes Cell Growth via Hyperactivation of Rho1

Cell Wall Stress Depolarizes Cell Growth via Hyperactivation of Rho1

Cells sense and physiologically respond to environmental stress via signaling pathways. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells respond to cell wall stress by transiently depolarizing the actin cytoskeleton. We report that cell wall stress also induces a transient depolarized distribution of the cell wall biosynthetic enzyme glucan synthase FKS1 and its regulatory subunit RHO1, possibly as a mechanism t...

Stress hypERactivation in the beta-cell

Cell wall integrity modulates RHO1 activity via the exchange factor ROM2.

The essential phosphatidylinositol kinase homologue TOR2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae controls the actin cytoskeleton by activating a GTPase switch consisting of RHO1 (GTPase), ROM2 (GEF) and SAC7 (GAP). We have identified two mutations, rot1-1 and rot2-1, that suppress the loss of TOR2 and are synthetic-lethal. The wild-type ROT1 and ROT2 genes and a multicopy suppressor, BIG1, were isolated by...

Evaluation of Cell Growth Inhibition of Bifidobacterium Bifidum Cell-free Supernatant Extract on 4T1Tumor Cell Lineage

Background: Cancer is amongst the leading reasons of death in all parts of the world. Breast cancer is also responsible for the largest number of deaths among women population. Several studies confirmed that Bifidobacterium bifidum as a probiotic meaningfully inhibited breast cancer development. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of B. bifidum supernatant on the cell growth inhib...

The Effects of Candida Albicans Cell Wall Protein Fraction on Dendritic Cell Maturation

Back ground: Candida albicans is a member of the normal human microflora. C. albicans cell wall is composed of several protein and carbohydrate components which have been shown to play a crucial role in C. albicans interaction with the host immune system. Major components of C. albican cell wall are carbohydrates such as mannans, β glucans and chitins, and proteins that partially modulate the h...